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People with tattoos are more likely to be aggressive and rebellious than those without, a study has found.
一项研究发现，纹身者比未纹身者更可能具有攻击性和叛逆性。
Researchers at Anglia Ruskin University looked into whether the fact body art had become more mainstream in recent years - a trend influenced by the likes of footballer legend David Beckham and pop star Cheryl Fernandez-Versini - had affected traditional stereotypes.
受足球明星大卫·贝克汉姆(David Beckham)和流行歌手谢丽尔·费尔南德兹-维西尼(Cheryl Fernandez-Versini)等人的影响，人体艺术近年来变得更为主流。英国安格利亚鲁斯金大学(Anglia Ruskin University)的研究人员探查了这一潮流对传统观念的影响。
They found that tattooed individuals reported significantly higher levels of verbal aggression, anger and rebelliousness compared with non-tattooed adults.
他们发现，与未纹身的成年人相比，纹身者的言语攻击、愤怒、叛逆程度明显更高。
Professor Viren Swami, professor of social psychology at the university, said: "One explanation is that people who have higher reactive rebelliousness may respond to disappointing and frustrating events by getting tattooed.
该校的社会心理学教授维伦·斯瓦米(Viren Swami)说：“一种解释是反应性叛逆程度较高的人可能通过纹身来回应令人失望和沮丧的事件。
"That is, when these individuals experience a negative emotional event, they may be more likely to react by pursuing an act that is seen as defiant.
“也就是说，这种人经历负面情绪事件时，更可能采取被人们视为叛逆的行为回应。
"The act of tattooing is perceived as rebellious, or more generally tattoos themselves can signify defiance or dissent."
“纹身行为被认为是叛逆的，更宽泛地讲，纹身本身就象征着反抗和异议。
She added that the study of 378 adults aged between 20 and 58 found that those with tattoos scored higher in terms of verbal aggression and anger.
她补充说，年龄介于20岁到58岁间的378名成年人参与了这项研究，结果发现纹身者在言语攻击和愤怒方面得分更高。
"Although tattoos have now become commonplace in modern British society, our findings may have implications for understanding the reported associations between tattooing and risky behaviour among adults," she said.
“尽管纹身在现今的英国社会已非常普遍，我们的发现也许能帮助人们更好地理解纹身与成年人危险行为间的关联，她说。
The research, to be published in the next edition of the journal Body Image, also showed a correlation between the number of tattoos a person had and their levels of anger.
这项研究还表明纹身数量与个体愤怒程度间存在关联。该研究将发表在下一期《Body Image》期刊上。
Vocabulary
rebellious：叛逆的
defiant：违抗的，反抗的
dissent：异议
People with tattoos are more likely to be aggressive and rebellious than those without, a study has found.
一项研究发现，纹身者比未纹身者更可能具有攻击性和叛逆性。
Researchers at Anglia Ruskin University looked into whether the fact body art had become more mainstream in recent years - a trend influenced by the likes of footballer legend David Beckham and pop star Cheryl Fernandez-Versini - had affected traditional stereotypes.
受足球明星大卫·贝克汉姆(David Beckham)和流行歌手谢丽尔·费尔南德兹-维西尼(Cheryl Fernandez-Versini)等人的影响，人体艺术近年来变得更为主流。英国安格利亚鲁斯金大学(Anglia Ruskin University)的研究人员探查了这一潮流对传统观念的影响。
They found that tattooed individuals reported significantly higher levels of verbal aggression, anger and rebelliousness compared with non-tattooed adults.
他们发现，与未纹身的成年人相比，纹身者的言语攻击、愤怒、叛逆程度明显更高。
Professor Viren Swami, professor of social psychology at the university, said: "One explanation is that people who have higher reactive rebelliousness may respond to disappointing and frustrating events by getting tattooed.
该校的社会心理学教授维伦·斯瓦米(Viren Swami)说：“一种解释是反应性叛逆程度较高的人可能通过纹身来回应令人失望和沮丧的事件。
"That is, when these individuals experience a negative emotional event, they may be more likely to react by pursuing an act that is seen as defiant.
“也就是说，这种人经历负面情绪事件时，更可能采取被人们视为叛逆的行为回应。
"The act of tattooing is perceived as rebellious, or more generally tattoos themselves can signify defiance or dissent."
“纹身行为被认为是叛逆的，更宽泛地讲，纹身本身就象征着反抗和异议。
She added that the study of 378 adults aged between 20 and 58 found that those with tattoos scored higher in terms of verbal aggression and anger.
她补充说，年龄介于20岁到58岁间的378名成年人参与了这项研究，结果发现纹身者在言语攻击和愤怒方面得分更高。
"Although tattoos have now become commonplace in modern British society, our findings may have implications for understanding the reported associations between tattooing and risky behaviour among adults," she said.
“尽管纹身在现今的英国社会已非常普遍，我们的发现也许能帮助人们更好地理解纹身与成年人危险行为间的关联，她说。
The research, to be published in the next edition of the journal Body Image, also showed a correlation between the number of tattoos a person had and their levels of anger.
这项研究还表明纹身数量与个体愤怒程度间存在关联。该研究将发表在下一期《Body Image》期刊上。
Vocabulary
rebellious：叛逆的
defiant：违抗的，反抗的
dissent：异议
